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Debt-to-Income Ratio Calculator

Calculate your debt-to-income ratio (DTI) to see if you qualify for a mortgage. Compare front-end and back-end DTI against FHA, conventional, and VA guidelines.

Last reviewed 15 August 2026

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When to use this calculator

  • Before comparing personal loan or credit offers on the same amount and term.
  • When you want to see total interest, not only the monthly payment.
  • When you are choosing between a shorter term and a lower monthly debit.
  • When you need a planning estimate before making a credit application.

A realistic US planning example

Use these sample inputs as a quick scenario test, then change one variable at a time to compare outcomes.

A realistic US planning example
InputValue
Gross Monthly Income ($)$55,000
Mortgage / Rent Payment ($)$280,000
Car Loan Payments ($)$280,000
Student Loan Payments ($)$280,000

After entering these figures, review front-end dti, back-end dti and max mortgage (conv.) together rather than in isolation. Then rerun the tool with one input adjusted.

How to read your results

Front-End DTI

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Back-End DTI

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Max Mortgage (Conv.)

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Max Total Debt

The headline outcome of this calculation. It is most useful when read alongside the supporting metrics rather than in isolation.

Remaining Capacity

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Method & assumptionsAuthoritative sources

This calculator computes your front-end and back-end debt-to-income ratios using gross monthly income as the denominator, consistent with how Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, FHA, and VA underwriting guidelines define DTI. The front-end ratio isolates housing costs only; the back-end ratio adds all recurring monthly debt obligations. The conventional maximum benchmarks used here are 28% front-end and 36% back-end, the traditional Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac standard. FHA generally permits a 31/43 split, while VA and USDA use a single 41% back-end guideline. Automated underwriting systems can approve loans above these thresholds with compensating factors, so these figures should be treated as general guidance rather than definitive approval thresholds.

The calculator does not include property taxes, homeowners insurance, or HOA fees in the proposed mortgage payment — you should add those estimates to your housing figure for a more accurate front-end DTI. It also assumes all income is fully documented and does not adjust for self-employment, commission, or variable-income verification requirements that apply under agency guidelines. Verify current DTI limits directly with your lender or loan officer, as guidelines change and vary by loan program and underwriting method.

Common mistakes

  • !Using an assumption that is not supported by a current local quote, bill, statement or official source.
  • !Treating a generic estimate as a lender, provider, payroll or tax authority decision.
  • !Mixing monthly and annual inputs without converting them consistently.
  • !Testing only one scenario instead of checking how a cautious assumption changes the result.

What to do next

  • Run a second scenario with a cautious assumption so you can see the downside clearly.
  • Compare the result with the related calculators below before making a decision.
  • Check current local rules, eligibility and provider terms before applying or committing money.
  • Keep a record of the assumptions so you can update the estimate when a quote, bill or pay figure changes.

Frequently asked

For a conventional loan backed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, lenders typically want a back-end DTI at or below 36%, though some will accept up to 45% with compensating factors such as strong credit and large reserves. FHA loans allow a back-end DTI up to 43% as a general rule, and sometimes higher with automated underwriting approval. VA and USDA loans use a 41% guideline. The lower your DTI, the more favorably lenders view your application, and the better the interest rate you are likely to receive.

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