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Profit Margin Calculator

Calculate gross, operating and net profit margins from revenue and cost figures. See how efficiently your business converts sales into profit at each level.

Last reviewed 15 August 2026

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When to use this calculator

  • Before pricing a job, setting margin targets or reviewing hiring costs.
  • When you want to test sensitivity around volume, tax, markup or overheads.
  • When you need a practical estimate before committing to a budget or proposal.
  • When you are modelling break-even volume as costs or prices change.

A realistic South Africa planning example

Use these sample inputs as a quick scenario test, then change one variable at a time to compare outcomes.

A realistic South Africa planning example
InputValue
Revenue (R)50000
Total Costs (R)R500

After entering these figures, review profit, margin and markup together rather than in isolation. Then rerun the tool with one input adjusted.

How to read your results

Profit

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Margin

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Markup

The figure produced by this output for the inputs you entered. Change one variable at a time if you want to see what drives it.

Method & assumptionsAuthoritative sources

This calculator works on the standard gross profit margin formula: (Revenue − Cost of Goods Sold) ÷ Revenue × 100. Enter your sales revenue and the direct costs associated with producing or delivering your product or service. Direct costs typically include raw materials, stock purchased for resale, and any labour directly tied to production. The calculator does not factor in overheads such as rent, insurance, or administrative salaries — those belong in a net profit calculation.

UK businesses should enter VAT-exclusive figures if VAT-registered. Sole traders and limited companies may have different allowable cost definitions under tax authority rules, so consult your accountant when classifying costs for tax purposes. Use this tool for quick decision-making and pricing reviews rather than as a substitute for formal management accounts.

Common mistakes

  • !Using an assumption that is not supported by a current local quote, bill, statement or official source.
  • !Treating a generic estimate as a lender, provider, payroll or tax authority decision.
  • !Mixing monthly and annual inputs without converting them consistently.
  • !Testing only one scenario instead of checking how a cautious assumption changes the result.

What to do next

  • Run a second scenario with a cautious assumption so you can see the downside clearly.
  • Compare the result with the related calculators below before making a decision.
  • Check current local rules, eligibility and provider terms before applying or committing money.
  • Keep a record of the assumptions so you can update the estimate when a quote, bill or pay figure changes.

Frequently asked

Gross margin = (revenue - cost of goods sold) / revenue - it shows product profitability. Operating margin deducts overheads and operating expenses too. Net margin deducts interest, tax, and everything else, giving the final bottom-line margin. A healthy small business typically targets 50%+ gross, 15-20% operating, and 10%+ net depending on sector.

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